LJ Howard

LJ (Joe) Howard examines why central bank independence is a vital national interest with direct consequences for economic security. Drawing on recent tensions surrounding the U.S. Federal Reserve, he …

When conflict looms, does international law fall silent or has it been shaping state behaviour all along? This essay explores how obligations, consent, custom, and evolving accountability mechanisms …

When do alliance defence obligations actually begin? LJ Howard's analysis explores why waiting for an “armed attack” may undermine deterrence — and why “threat or use of force” offers a …

How do political and economic measures taken against Canada by President Trump’s Administration create issues and opportunities impacting Canada’s trade and investment capital flows, national …

LJ Howard explores varying perspectives among politicians, military operatives, and humanitarian entities within the UN's member states. He also delves into the role of the UN Security Council and the …

An overview of the historical evolution of states in the international order, tracing back to the Peace of Westphalia in the mid-1600s. It highlights the role of international disputes, conference …

After the Black Sea Grain Initiative failed in July 2023, Ukraine and Romania established a safe lane. The UK offered old minehunters, but Türkiye blocked their passage using the Montreux Convention …

The contrast of Russia’s formalized annexation of Ukraine’s sovereign territory 30 September 2022 with its strategic withdrawal of armed forces from Lyman in the Southwest corner of Luhansk Oblast …

Event video now available …

Throughout global affairs, a state distinguishes itself in adopting its unique ‘state practice.’ This multipart study presents such a diagnostic analysis and affirms that the security of a …

Event video now available …

Throughout global affairs, a state distinguishes itself in adopting its unique ‘state practice.’ This multipart study presents such a diagnostic analysis and affirms that the security of a …

Quadrilateral Security Dialogue in the Asia Pacific Region and its adaptation to maritime security issues in the Arctic Region; Part IV

Iranian – Israeli Drone Warfare, Diplomacy and the Alberta Connection

Quadrilateral Security Dialogue in the Asia Pacific Region and its adaptation to maritime security issues in the Arctic Region; Part III

Problems and Process; International Law and How We Use It

Quadrilateral Security Dialogue in the Asia Pacific Region and its adaptation to maritime security issues in the Arctic Region; Part II

Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations

An Introduction to the International Criminal Court

Quadrilateral Security Dialogue in the Asia Pacific Region and its adaptation to maritime security issues in the Arctic Region; Part I